Hughestown, PennsylvaniaBreaker boys, No. 9 BreakerRooms full of small boys picking slate all day. Where were their fathers, and their schools?The Pennsylvania Coal Company's Number 9 Breaker; Lewis Hine photographed its breaker boys, including the smallest, Angelo Ross, in 1911.Child Labor & Repopulation · Burnham Park (Chicago), United States (approx.)
Incubator babies at Chicago's Century of Progress, 1933
The open question
Babies shown at fairs as an attraction, next to the rides. Where were these babies' families, and why were fairs the place for them?
On the record
The support of Julius Hess, who came to be known as the father of American neonatology, during the 1933 Chicago World Fair, improved Couney's reputation. It was not long after the end of the fair that Chicago became the first American city to officially implement policies for the explicit purpose of premature infant care.
- Year
- 1933
- Kind
- incubator
Sources
More from Child Labor & Repopulation
Hughestown, PennsylvaniaBreaker boys, No. 9 BreakerRooms full of small boys picking slate all day. Where were their fathers, and their schools?The Pennsylvania Coal Company's Number 9 Breaker; Lewis Hine photographed its breaker boys, including the smallest, Angelo Ross, in 1911.
Manchester, New HampshireAmoskeag MillyardThe biggest mill on earth, staffed partly by children. Who were they and where did they come from?It grew into the largest cotton textile plant in the world. Hine photographed small boys working there in May 1909.
North Pownal, VermontAddie Card, North Pownal millA girl who might be ten, working a spinning frame. Who signed off on that?Hine's 1910 photo of Addie Card, a 12-year-old spinner. His note says girls in the mill said she was ten.
Macon, GeorgiaBibb Mill No. 1A mill making big profits with children on the floor. Was it the same story everywhere?Hine photographed doffer boys and other children at Bibb Mill No. 1 in January 1909, noting the company's profits on his labels.